Resurrection of He who was tortured and crucified

Easter this year is being celebrated in the context of a country where almost everyone is being stifled by an extreme right government with radically ultra neoliberal socio-political policies. It is a pitiless and heartless government that destroys the advances and rights of millions of workers and people of other social categories. The government sells the natural goods that are part of the country’s sovereignty. It accepts the re-colonization of Brazil and seeks to transfer our wealth to small, powerful groups, both domestic and foreign. It has neither solidarity nor empathy for the poorest or those whose lives are threatened by violence and even death because they live in the favelas, are Black, Indigenous,quilombolas, or have a different sexual orientation.

Traveling around this country and other parts of the world, I often heard wails of pain and indignation. To me, it was like hearing the sacred words: “I have seen the oppression of my people, I have heard the cry caused by their oppressors and I know their anguish. I will liberate them and have them leave this country and go to a good and spacious land” (Ex 3,7-8).

God sets aside His transcendence (“God above all”?), comes down and joins the oppressed to help them step (Step=paso=pessach=pascua=Easter) from oppression to liberation.

It is worth noting that there is something threatening and perverse in a head of state who extols torturers, praises bloody dictators and deems it a mere accident when a Black man, the father of a family, is riddled with 80 bullets fired by the military. Moreover, he proposes a pardon for those who carried out the holocaust, killing 6 millions Jews. How can one talk of resurrection in the context of someone who preaches a perennial “Good Friday” of violence? The names of God and Jesus are always on his lips but he forgets that we are the heirs of a political prisoner who was slandered, persecuted, tortured and crucified: Jesus of Nazareth. What he does and says is derision, aggravated by the support of Pastors from neo-Pentecostal churches, whose message has little or nothing to do with the Gospel of Jesus.

In spite of this infamy, we want to celebrate Easter, the feast of life and flowering, like that of the semi-arid North: after some rain, everything is resurrected and grows green again.

The Jewish people, enslaved in Egypt, endured the crossing of a great distance, an exodus from servitude to freedom as they walked towards “a good and spacious Earth, an Earth where milk and honey flow” (symbols of justice and peace: Ex 3,8). The Judaic“Pessach” (Easter) celebrates the liberation of a whole people, not only of individuals.

The Christian Easter adds to and broadens the Judaic Pessach. Easter celebrates the liberation of all humanity by the surrender of Jesus, who accepted the unjust condemnation of death on the cross. This sentence was imposed on Him, not by the Father of goodness, but as a consequence of His liberating practice among the underprivileged of His time, and for offering another vision of God-Father, as good and merciful, not a punishing God with severe norms and laws. This was unacceptable to the orthodoxy of that epoch. Jesus of Nazareth died in solidarity with all the human beings, opening the way to the God of love and mercy.

The Christian Easter celebrates the resurrection of He who was tortured and crucified. Jesus realized the passage and exodus from death to life. He did not return to the life He had before, limited and mortal like ours. In Jesus arose another type of life, no longer subject to death, that represents the realization of all the potential present there (and in us).That which was being slowly born through the processes of cosmogenesis and anthropogenesis reached such fullness through His resurrection that finally, it was born. As French theologian Pierre Teilhard de Chardin said, Jesus, fully realized, exploded and imploded within God. Saint Paul, both perplexed and enchanted, calls Him, “novissimus Adam” (1Cor 15,45), the new Adam, the new humanity. If the Messiah was resurrected, His community, namely, all of us, even the cosmos of which we are part, participate in that blessed event. Jesus is the “first among many brothers and sisters” (Rom 8, 29). We will follow Him.

In spite of a “Good Friday” of hate and of exaltation of violence, the resurrection infuses into us the hope that we will take the step (Easter) from this sinister situation to the recuperation of our country, where no longer will there be anyone who dares favor the culture of violence, or who praises torture; no one who is insensible to the holocaust, the killing of millions. Hallelujah. Happy Easter everyone.

Leonardo Boff Eco-Theologian-Philosopher and of the Earthcharter Commission

Free translation from the Spanish sent by
Melina Alfaro, alfaro_melina@yahoo.com.ar.
Done at REFUGIO DEL RIO GRANDE, Texas, EE.UU.

Resurrection of He who was tortured and crucified

Easter this year is being celebrated in the context of a country where almost everyone is being stifled by an extreme right government with radically ultra neoliberal socio-political policies. It is a pitiless and heartless government that destroys the advances and rights of millions of workers and people of other social categories. The government sells the natural goods that are part of the country’s sovereignty. It accepts the re-colonization of Brazil and seeks to transfer our wealth to small, powerful groups, both domestic and foreign. It has neither solidarity nor empathy for the poorest or those whose lives are threatened by violence and even death because they live in the favelas, are Black, Indigenous,quilombolas, or have a different sexual orientation.

Traveling around this country and other parts of the world, I often heard wails of pain and indignation. To me, it was like hearing the sacred words: “I have seen the oppression of my people, I have heard the cry caused by their oppressors and I know their anguish. I will liberate them and have them leave this country and go to a good and spacious land” (Ex 3,7-8).

God sets aside His transcendence (“God above all”?), comes down and joins the oppressed to help them step (Step=paso=pessach=pascua=Easter) from oppression to liberation.

It is worth noting that there is something threatening and perverse in a head of state who extols torturers, praises bloody dictators and deems it a mere accident when a Black man, the father of a family, is riddled with 80 bullets fired by the military. Moreover, he proposes a pardon for those who carried out the holocaust, killing 6 millions Jews. How can one talk of resurrection in the context of someone who preaches a perennial “Good Friday” of violence? The names of God and Jesus are always on his lips but he forgets that we are the heirs of a political prisoner who was slandered, persecuted, tortured and crucified: Jesus of Nazareth. What he does and says is derision, aggravated by the support of Pastors from neo-Pentecostal churches, whose message has little or nothing to do with the Gospel of Jesus.

In spite of this infamy, we want to celebrate Easter, the feast of life and flowering, like that of the semi-arid North: after some rain, everything is resurrected and grows green again.

The Jewish people, enslaved in Egypt, endured the crossing of a great distance, an exodus from servitude to freedom as they walked towards “a good and spacious Earth, an Earth where milk and honey flow” (symbols of justice and peace: Ex 3,8). The Judaic“Pessach” (Easter) celebrates the liberation of a whole people, not only of individuals.

The Christian Easter adds to and broadens the Judaic Pessach. Easter celebrates the liberation of all humanity by the surrender of Jesus, who accepted the unjust condemnation of death on the cross. This sentence was imposed on Him, not by the Father of goodness, but as a consequence of His liberating practice among the underprivileged of His time, and for offering another vision of God-Father, as good and merciful, not a punishing God with severe norms and laws. This was unacceptable to the orthodoxy of that epoch. Jesus of Nazareth died in solidarity with all the human beings, opening the way to the God of love and mercy.

The Christian Easter celebrates the resurrection of He who was tortured and crucified. Jesus realized the passage and exodus from death to life. He did not return to the life He had before, limited and mortal like ours. In Jesus arose another type of life, no longer subject to death, that represents the realization of all the potential present there (and in us).That which was being slowly born through the processes of cosmogenesis and anthropogenesis reached such fullness through His resurrection that finally, it was born. As French theologian Pierre Teilhard de Chardin said, Jesus, fully realized, exploded and imploded within God. Saint Paul, both perplexed and enchanted, calls Him, “novissimus Adam” (1Cor 15,45), the new Adam, the new humanity. If the Messiah was resurrected, His community, namely, all of us, even the cosmos of which we are part, participate in that blessed event. Jesus is the “first among many brothers and sisters” (Rom 8, 29). We will follow Him.

In spite of a “Good Friday” of hate and of exaltation of violence, the resurrection infuses into us the hope that we will take the step (Easter) from this sinister situation to the recuperation of our country, where no longer will there be anyone who dares favor the culture of violence, or who praises torture; no one who is insensible to the holocaust, the killing of millions. Hallelujah. Happy Easter everyone.

Leonardo Boff Eco-Theologian-Philosopher,Earthcharter Commission

Free translation from the Spanish sent by
Melina Alfaro, alfaro_melina@yahoo.com.ar.
Done at REFUGIO DEL RIO GRANDE, Texas, EE.UU.

The Brazilian soul is ill

Everything healthy can become ill. Illness always refers to health. This is a principal reference point and reflects the essential dimension of normal life.
The social affronts, hateful verbal broadsides, offenses, insults, and the coarse, vulgar language that now predominate in social or digital media and even public discourse, show that the Brazilian soul is ill.

The highest levels of power communicate with the people through fake news, outright lies and images set in a pornographic or scatological framework. This reveals a lack of the decency and sense of dignity and respectability that inhere in the highest offices of a nation. In fact, an essential value has been lost: the self respect and respect for the other that are indispensable to a civilized society.

The reason for this is that the Numenoso (sacred) dimension has been obscured, (numen, in Latin, is the sacred side of things), “Numinosity” is revealed through experiences that wholly involve us and give meaning to life even in the midst of great suffering. Numinosity possesses an immense transforming power. The experience of two people in love and the passion that fascinates them is an example of Numinosity. A profound encounter with a person who shone a light for us in the midst of a grave existential crisis, is an experience of the Numinoso. The existential shock of encountering a charismatic person of convincing words or courageous actions evokes the Numinoso dimension in us. The ineffable Presence felt at the grandeur of the universe or a starry night evokes Numinosity in us. The same is true for the brilliant and profound eyes of a small child.

Numinosity is not a thing, but the resonance of things that touch the depth of our beings and therefore become precious. They are transformed into symbols that refer us to that Something beyond ourselves. Such things, besides being what they are, are transformed into symbolic realities, filled with meaning. On the one hand, they fascinate and attract us, and on the other, they fill us with respect and veneration. They produce in us a heightened state of consciousness and improve our behavior.

That Numinosity, in the language of the mystics, as in Mestre Eckhart, or Teresa de Avila, the greatest of them, and also in C.G. Jung’s psychology of the profound, is represented by our inner Sun or irradiating Center. The Sun functions as a central archetype. As the Sun attracts all the planets to its orbit, likewise, the archetype-Sun satellite envelopes itself with our most profound meaning. It is the living and irradiating Center of our inner being. The Center is a data-synthesis of the totality of our life that imposes itself. It speaks within us, warns us, and supports us, like the Great Grandfather or Grandmother who counsels us to walk the straight and narrow paths of life. And then we will never be misled.

Human beings can close themselves to this Center or to this Sun. Human beings can even deny them, but can never destroy them. They are there as an immanent reality of the soul.

This Center or its archetype, the Sun, gives us equilibrium, personal and social harmony and coexistence with our opposites, without exacerbating matters, due either to intolerance or excluding behaviors.

As it is, this Center has been lost in the Brazilian soul. We have darkened the inner Sun, even though He is constantly present, as El Cristo del Corcovado. Although He may be covered by clouds, He is always there, with open arms. The same is true with our inner Sun.

Losing our Center and darkening the irradiation of the inner Sun, we lose equilibrium and the just measure, the bases of ethics, society and coexistence. Unbalanced, we wander, spouting words unconnected to civility and good sense. We degrade ourselves and abandon the golden rule of all ethics: “treat all and every human being humanely.” At the present moment in Brazil, many men and women do not treat their fellow human beings humanely. They turn adversaries in the realm of ideas and political or sexual options into enemies, to be fought and eventually eliminated.

We urgently need to cure our wounded soul, recuperate our Center and our inner Sun, accepting differences, through open dialogue and empathy with those who suffer most, without allowing the differences to become inequalities. As the tweet profile of an intelligent woman said: “When we take the place of the other, we make of the world (of society) a place for everyone”. This is our urgency, if we don’t want to devolve into barbarity.

Leonardo Boff Eco-Theologian-Philosopher and of the Earthcharter Commission

Free translation from the Spanish sent by
Melina Alfaro, alfaro_melina@yahoo.com.ar.
Done at REFUGIO DEL RIO GRANDE, Texas, EE.UU.

Spreading hate and proclaiming “God above all” is blasphemous

I wish I did not have to write this article. But the acute current political crisis and abuse committed in God’s name, call on theology’s public function. As any other field, theology also has a social responsibility. There are times when the theologian must descend from his perch and say a few words in the political arena. That means denouncing abuses and announcing good actions, even though this role of a theologian can be misunderstood by some groups or viewed as partisan, which is not.

I am humbled to find myself following in the tradition of such prophetic Bishops as Dom Helder Camara, of Cardinals Dom Paulo Evaristo Arns (let’s remember, Brazil Never Again, the book that helped overthrow the dictatorship), and Dom Aloysio Lorscheider, Bishop Dom Waldir Calheiros, and others who in the dark days of the 1964 military dictatorship had the courage to raise their voices in defense of human rights, and against the disappearances and tortures carried out by agents of the State.

We are now living in a country torn by visceral hatreds, accusations by some against others, with the lowest kind of language and plenty of fake news, spread even by the highest authority of the country, the current President. That way he demonstrates the lack of composure in his high office and disastrous consequences of his interventions, as well as the absurdities he puts forth here in Brazil and abroad.

His campaign slogans were, and still are, “God above all” and “Brazil over everything”. We must denounce that use of the name of God. The second divine Commandment is clear: “Do not take the holy name of God in vain”. As it happens, invoking the name of God in this manner is not only abusive, but it represents a true blasphemy. Why?

Because is not possible to link God to hatred, to the praise of torture, torturers and threats against his opponents the way Bolsonaro and his children do. In the sacred Judaic-Christian texts God reveals the divine nature as “love” and “mercy”. “Bolsonarism” includes a policy of confronting the opposition, not by engaging in dialogue with Congress, but where politics is understood as conflict, of the fascist type. This has nothing to do with God-love and God-mercy. Consequently it spreads and legitimates, from above, a true culture of violence, one that allows each citizen to posses up to four weapons. A weapon is not a kindergarten toy, but an instrument to kill or to defend oneself by mutilating or killing the other.

He considers himself religious, but his is a spiteful religiosity; his religiosity appears bereft of sacredness and reveals a perturbing lack of spirituality, or sense of commitment, either to human life or to nature’s other creatures, especially those who have less. Pope Francis often says, rightly, that he prefers an ethical atheist of good will to a Christian hypocrite who neither has love or empathy for the other, nor cultivates human values.

I quote from a text by one of the greatest theologians of the last century, who at the end of his life, was named a Cardinal, the French Jesuit Henri De Lubac:

«If I lack love or justice I inevitably move away from You, my God, and my cult is nothing more than idolatry. To believe in You I must believe in love and justice. It is a thousand times more valuable to believe in love and justice than to pronounce Your name. It is impossible for me to find You if I am divorced from love and justice. Those who take love and justice as their guide are on the path that leads them to You» (Sur les chemins de Dieu, Aubier 1956, p.125).

Bolsonaro, his clan and followers (but not all of them) are neither guided by love nor appreciative of justice. This is why they are divorced from the “milieu divin” (Teilhard de Chardin) and their path does not lead them to God. There are neo-Pentecostal pastors who see Bolsonaro as God-sent, but that changes nothing about the attitude of the President, who, to the contrary, amplifies ever more the offense to the holy name of God, especially when they hang a pornographic internet youtube against the Carnival.

What kind of God takes away the rights of the poor and grants privileges to the wealthy classes, what God humiliates the elderly, degrades women and despises peasants, depriving them of the hope of having a pension in old age?

The Social Security project creates profound social inequalities, and yet they have the nerve to say that is creating equality. Inequality is a neutral analytic concept. Ethically it means social injustice. Theologically, inequality is a social sin that negates God’s design of gathering all in a great fraternal fellowship.

French economist Thomas Piketty, famous for his book, Capital in the Twenty First Century, (El Capital en el siglo XXI, FCE 2014), also penned an entire book about The Economics of Inequality, (La economía de las desigualdades, Siglo veintiuno, 2015). According to Piketty, the simple fact that the 1% who are multi-billionaires control a great part of the income of the people of the world, and in Brazil, according to Marcio Pochmann, a specialist on the subject, the six main billionaires have the same wealth as the 100 million poorest Brazilians (JB 25/9/2017), reveals our social injustice.

Our hope is that Brazil is bigger than the reigning irrationality and that we will emerge better from the present crisis.

Leonardo BoffEco-Theologian-Philosopher Earthcharter Commissioner

Free translation from the Spanish sent by
Melina Alfaro, alfaro_melina@yahoo.com.ar.
Done at REFUGIO DEL RIO GRANDE, Texas, EE.UU.